Many people struggle to understand why God allows suffering and why evil exists in the world. In this article, we will explore the Islamic perspective on this profound question, examining ten key reasons why suffering is not seen as a problem but rather an integral part of the human experience and spiritual journey.
First: Life as a Test
Islam teaches that life itself is a test. The Quran states, “He who created death and life to test you [as to] which of you is best in deed” (Quran 67:2). Suffering and evil are part of this test, challenging individuals to make the right choices and remain patient and faithful despite hardships. The existence of evil is a necessary component of this divine test, as it allows for the exercise of free will and the demonstration of moral integrity.
Second: Free Will
Islam teaches that God has granted humans free will, including the ability to choose between good and evil. This freedom is essential for genuine moral responsibility and cultivating a meaningful relationship with God. Without free will, actions would lack moral significance, and the opportunity for individuals to freely choose to follow God’s guidance would not exist. The presence of evil, therefore, is a consequence of this freedom, as some humans choose actions that lead to suffering and corruption.
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- The Problem of Evil: Is God Fair? – An Islamic Perspective
Third: Greater Good
From an Islamic perspective, suffering and evil serve a greater purpose by contributing to the development of virtues such as compassion, patience, and perseverance. Hardships provide opportunities for moral and spiritual growth, helping individuals to build inner strength and resilience. By overcoming challenges, believers can attain a higher level of spiritual maturity and appreciation for the good in life. Suffering contrasts with pleasure and goodness, making these positive experiences more profound and meaningful.
Fourth: Spiritual Growth
Suffering is seen as a test of faith and a means of spiritual growth in Islam. It draws people closer to God, encouraging them to develop a deeper trust and reliance on Him. Trials and tribulations are opportunities for believers to prove their faith, build character, and gain spiritual insights. These experiences contribute to one’s spiritual development, making life more meaningful and preparing them for the ultimate test of life.
Fifth: Death as a Reminder
Death marks the conclusion of this temporary test we call life. It serves as a humbling reminder of our mortality and the limited scope of our existence within the framework set by our Creator. Death underscores that both good and evil are transient, emphasizing the impermanence of our earthly experiences. Regardless of whether life is filled with joy or suffering, it all comes to an end, leaving only the consequences of our choices to carry forward into the hereafter.
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Sixth: Eternal Perspective
When viewed from an eternal perspective, the sufferings of this life are insignificant compared to the everlasting bliss of the Hereafter. Islam emphasizes that this worldly life is temporary and that true justice and compensation will be served in the Hereafter. The Quran reminds believers that “every soul will taste death. And We test you with good and evil as a trial, then to Us you will all be returned” (Quran 21:35). This eternal perspective helps believers endure the trials of this world with hope and faith, knowing that ultimate justice awaits in the afterlife.
Seventh: Pure Justice in the Hereafter
Evil poses a problem only for those who perceive this worldly life as all there is. Islam, however, teaches that the Hereafter is where true justice will be fulfilled. On the Day of Judgment, every soul will be resurrected and judged by Allah, The All Just (Al-‘Adl). All actions, whether good or evil, will be accounted for, and everyone will witness the consequences of their deeds. This belief in ultimate justice provides comfort and assurance that any injustices experienced in this life will be addressed in the hereafter. The Quran states, “And ˹even˺ if a deed is the weight of a mustard seed, We will bring it forth. And sufficient are We as a ˹vigilant˺ Reckoner” (Quran 21:47).
Eighth: Manifestation of God’s Attributes
The existence of evil and suffering allows for the full manifestation of God’s attributes such as Mercy, Forgiveness, and Love. Without the presence of evil, these divine attributes would not be fully realized. For instance, God’s mercy is most evident when He forgives the sins of those who repent, and His love is most profound when He provides comfort and relief to those who are suffering. This dynamic showcases the depth and richness of God’s attributes in ways that would otherwise be impossible.
Ninth: Gratitude and Appreciation
Experiencing suffering or deprivation helps cultivate gratitude and appreciation for God’s blessings. When individuals face hardships, they become more aware of the good things in their lives and learn to appreciate them more deeply. This awareness fosters a sense of gratitude and contentment, as individuals recognize the blessings they might have previously taken for granted. It also reminds believers to focus on their own blessings rather than feeling envious of others’ circumstances.
Tenth: Limitations of Human Knowledge
Humans possess limited knowledge and understanding of the complex web of causes and effects in the universe. Much of the suffering and “evil” perceived by individuals may be due to factors beyond human comprehension. Thus, the intricate and interconnected nature of events means that what may seem harmful or evil from a limited perspective might have a greater purpose or benefit that humans cannot immediately see. Trusting in God’s wisdom and understanding the limitations of human knowledge can help believers reconcile the existence of suffering with their faith in a just and merciful God.
Conclusion
To conclude, from an Islamic perspective, suffering is a multifaceted phenomenon that serves various purposes, including moral responsibility, spiritual growth, and the manifestation of God’s attributes. It provides opportunities for developing virtues, cultivating gratitude, and understanding the limitations of human knowledge. By viewing suffering through these lenses, believers can find meaning and hope amidst their trials, trusting in God’s ultimate wisdom and justice.
If you find this perspective on the problem of suffering enlightening and want to learn more about Islam, consider exploring the faith further. Our team is here to help answer your questions and guide you on your journey of becoming a Muslim. Embrace the opportunity to deepen your understanding and find peace in the teachings of Islam.
References:
(1) Book of “Why do people suffer?” by Muhammad el-Shinnawy
